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1 - Political Status
The Balearic Islands are situated in the Mediterranean off the coast of Spain. They make up the smallest autonomous Spanish region.
Since 23rd February 1983 they have had an independent government.
The President is M Jaume Matas Palou.
The Parliament is made up of 59 members, the present Parliament was elected on 28th May 1995.
The country has one province : Palma de Mallorca and 4 large islands.

Spain, or the Spanish State, is divided into 50 provinces and 9000 communities governed by civilian governors and mayors (alcades) nominated by the government.
The legislative power is held by the Cortes (parliament), made up of the Chamber of Deputies (350 members elected for a four year term of office by direct universal suffrage) and the Senate (207 members also elected by direct general election). A fifth of its members can be nominated by the King.
The executive power is exercised by the Council of Ministers.

Historical outline
Ancient colony of Carthage, developed from 203 BC when Magon, the brother of Hannibal, founded Port Mahon.
70 BC : they became a Roman colony with Pollentia (today Pollensa), in Mallorca, as capital
902 AD : Arab conquest
1229-86 : Mallorca and Ibiza are reconquered by the Christians under Jaime I of Aragon. Jaime I instituted his son Jaime II as his heir, and he became King of Mallorca from 1276-1311
1287 : Minorca is reconquered by King Alphonse III and the Muslims are expelled
1261-1343 : the independent kingdom of Mallorca (capital Perpignan) is ruled by a junior branch of the House of Aragon
1344 : Peter IV of Aragon takes over the archipelego
1492 : the archipelego is abandonned following the discovery of America
1708-56 : The English capture Minorca
1756-63 : Minorca is re-conquered by the Duke of Richelieu (France)
1763 : Minorca is given back to the English
1783 : It is recovered by the Spanish in the Treaty of Versailles, following the American War of Independence
1805-1808 : English occupation

In Spain :

1936-39 : Mallorca and Ibiza are under Francist control, but Minorca remains republican
20th November 1975 : death of Franco, King Juan Carlos I comes to the throne
1st January 1986 : Spain enters the Common Market
16th June 1989 : the peseta becomes part of the European monetary system
5th March 1995 : the peseta is devalued

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